From the chemical structure analysis, capsaicin in pepper ball is an amide compound composed of fatty acid and vanillin amine, so it can be synthesized by reverse synthesis. The method of synthesizing capsaicin in pepper ball from zinc isobutyrate and monoethyl adipate monochloride through five steps has become a classic of capsaicin synthesis. Using triphenyl phosphorus and 6- bromocaproic acid as raw materials, capsaicin samples in pure pepper balls similar to those prepared by extraction method were obtained through a series of reactions, and the total yield reached 26.6%. Using ethyl 6- bromohexanoate as the starting material, the crude capsaicin in pepper balls was synthesized by Witting reaction and nitrous acid isomerization.